Spring Cloud Alibaba Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon， 先来看一下Ribbon下Sentinel服务熔断， 主要是fallback和blockHandler方法的使用，处理运行时异常和Sentinel限流规则异常情况

现在使用Nacos+Sentinel+Ribbon完成负载均衡，服务架构图如下：

1. 9003 服务

先新建cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9003，另一个 cloud-alibaba-provider-payment90034 直接copy一份即可。

1.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

1.2 配置文件

server:
  port: 9003

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

1.3 主启动类

package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class,args);
    }
}

1.4 业务代码

package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba.controller;

import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import java.util.HashMap;

@RestController
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap =new HashMap<>();
    static {
        hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"550bc47a-bae7-4d5d-ab81-36b9efbe8e3a"));
        hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"959448fd-b519-4333-8a8e-e85a9cf1cf59"));
        hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"2c7b9970-1ba9-4634-9ba3-8d298fc18761"));
    }

    @GetMapping("/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSql(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
        Payment payment =hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult<>(200,"from serverport="+serverPort,payment);
        return result;

    }
}

1.5 服务测试

先去Nacos看看服务是否注册成功

Web接口访问测试

2. 9004服务

和9003基本一致，就是服务端口的不同，，只需要复制9903项目，然后修改和端口有关的配置即可

2.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9004</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.2 配置文件

server:
  port: 9004

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848 #配置Nacos地址

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

2.3 修改主启动类

package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9004 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9004.class,args);
    }
}

2.4 服务测试

启动服务，去Nacos控制台查看是否注册成功

Web接口访问测试

3. 服务消费者84

3.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-alibaba-consumer-order84</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3.2 配置文件

server:
  port: 84


spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8080
        port: 8719


#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

3.3 主启动类

package live.yremp.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosOrderMain84 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosOrderMain84.class,args);
    }
}

3.4 配置类

package live.yremp.cloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

3.5 业务代码

package live.yremp.cloud.controller;

import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;


@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment>   result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
        }else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录，空指针异常");
        }
        return result;

    }

}

3.6 服务测试

服务注册测试，先去Nacos查看服务是否注册成功

服务请求接口测试

4. 配置Fallback

修改Controller如下，添加hanlerFallback方法作为异常兜底方法

package live.yremp.cloud.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;


@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        CommonResult<Payment>   result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
        }else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录，空指针异常");
        }
        return result;

    }

    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback，exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

}

重启测试

6. blockHandler配置

6.1 修改Controller

package live.yremp.cloud.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;


@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
//  @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler" )
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {        CommonResult<Payment>   result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
        }else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录，空指针异常");
        }
        return result;

    }

    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback，exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流，无此流水，blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
    }

}

6.2 添加限流规则

测试正常异常情况

触发流控的异常情况

7. 同时配置Fallback和BlockHandler

Fallblock可以处理运行时的异常，而BlockHandler则只能处理Sentinel的限流等异常，二者结合是比较完备的方式。

7.1 修改代码

修改Controller中方法上的@Resource注解

package live.yremp.cloud.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;


@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
//  @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
//  @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {        CommonResult<Payment>   result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
        }else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录，空指针异常");
        }
        return result;
    }

    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback，exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流，无此流水，blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
    }

}

Java异常由Fallback处理，Sentinel违规由BlockHandler处理

7.2 异常测试

先测试运行时异常

Sentinel限流

当头同时有Java运行时异常和Sentinel异常时，则会以Sentinel的异常为准，具体如上图。

8. exceptionsToIgnore

异常忽略，忽略指定的异常，以下面的代码为例

package live.yremp.cloud.controller;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;


@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
    private String serverURL;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
//  @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
//  @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",
            fallback = "handlerFallback",
            blockHandler ="blockHandler",
            exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {        CommonResult<Payment>   result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
        if(id==4){
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
        }else if(result.getData()==null){
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录，空指针异常");
        }
        return result;
    }

    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback，exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
        Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
        return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流，无此流水，blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
    }

}

忽略 IllegalArgumentException的异常，重启进行测试：

此时已经不再执行fallback方法，而是直接Error page

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Spring Cloud Alibaba Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon
Spring Cloud Alibaba Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon