Spring Cloud Alibaba Sentinel服务熔断Ribbon, 先来看一下Ribbon下Sentinel服务熔断, 主要是fallback和blockHandler方法的使用,处理运行时异常和Sentinel限流规则异常情况
现在使用Nacos+Sentinel+Ribbon完成负载均衡,服务架构图如下:

1. 9003 服务
先新建cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9003,另一个 cloud-alibaba-provider-payment90034 直接copy一份即可。
1.1 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
1.2 配置文件
server:
port: 9003
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
1.3 主启动类
package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9003 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9003.class,args);
}
}
1.4 业务代码
package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba.controller;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import java.util.HashMap;
@RestController
public class PaymentController {
@Value("${server.port}")
private String serverPort;
static HashMap<Long,Payment> hashMap =new HashMap<>();
static {
hashMap.put(1L,new Payment(1L,"550bc47a-bae7-4d5d-ab81-36b9efbe8e3a"));
hashMap.put(2L,new Payment(2L,"959448fd-b519-4333-8a8e-e85a9cf1cf59"));
hashMap.put(3L,new Payment(3L,"2c7b9970-1ba9-4634-9ba3-8d298fc18761"));
}
@GetMapping("/paymentSQL/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSql(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
Payment payment =hashMap.get(id);
CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult<>(200,"from serverport="+serverPort,payment);
return result;
}
}
1.5 服务测试
先去Nacos看看服务是否注册成功

Web接口访问测试

2. 9004服务
和9003基本一致,就是服务端口的不同,,只需要复制9903项目,然后修改和端口有关的配置即可
2.1 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-alibaba-provider-payment9004</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 配置文件
server:
port: 9004
spring:
application:
name: nacos-payment-provider
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848 #配置Nacos地址
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
2.3 修改主启动类
package live.yremp.springcloud.alibaba;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain9004 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain9004.class,args);
}
}
2.4 服务测试
启动服务,去Nacos控制台查看是否注册成功

Web接口访问测试

3. 服务消费者84
3.1 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>live.yremp.springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-alibaba-consumer-order84</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>live.yremp</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3.2 配置文件
server:
port: 84
spring:
application:
name: nacos-order-consumer
cloud:
nacos:
discovery:
server-addr: 39.105.173.178:8848
sentinel:
transport:
dashboard: localhost:8080
port: 8719
#消费者将要去访问的微服务名称(注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者)
service-url:
nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider
3.3 主启动类
package live.yremp.cloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosOrderMain84 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(NacosOrderMain84.class,args);
}
}
3.4 配置类
package live.yremp.cloud.config;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
3.5 业务代码
package live.yremp.cloud.controller;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
private String serverURL;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
if(id==4){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
}else if(result.getData()==null){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
}
3.6 服务测试
服务注册测试,先去Nacos查看服务是否注册成功

服务请求接口测试



4. 配置Fallback
修改Controller如下,添加hanlerFallback方法作为异常兜底方法
package live.yremp.cloud.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
private String serverURL;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
if(id==4){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
}else if(result.getData()==null){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
重启测试

6. blockHandler配置
6.1 修改Controller
package live.yremp.cloud.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
private String serverURL;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler" )
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{ CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
if(id==4){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
}else if(result.getData()==null){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流,无此流水,blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
6.2 添加限流规则

测试正常异常情况

触发流控的异常情况

7. 同时配置Fallback和BlockHandler
Fallblock可以处理运行时的异常,而BlockHandler则只能处理Sentinel的限流等异常,二者结合是比较完备的方式。
7.1 修改代码
修改Controller中方法上的@Resource注解
package live.yremp.cloud.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
private String serverURL;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{ CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
if(id==4){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
}else if(result.getData()==null){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流,无此流水,blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
Java异常由Fallback处理,Sentinel违规由BlockHandler处理
7.2 异常测试
先测试运行时异常

Sentinel限流

当头同时有Java运行时异常和Sentinel异常时,则会以Sentinel的异常为准,具体如上图。
8. exceptionsToIgnore
异常忽略,忽略指定的异常,以下面的代码为例
package live.yremp.cloud.controller;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.CommonResult;
import live.yremp.springcloud.entries.Payment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.swing.text.BadLocationException;
@RestController
public class OrderNacosController
{
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Value("${service-url.nacos-user-service}")
private String serverURL;
@GetMapping(value = "/consumer/fallback/{id}")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback")
// @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler ="blockHandler")
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",
fallback = "handlerFallback",
blockHandler ="blockHandler",
exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
public CommonResult<Payment> paymentInfo(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{ CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(serverURL+"/paymentSQL/"+id,CommonResult.class);
if(id==4){
throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常");
}else if(result.getData()==null){
throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
}
return result;
}
public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable("id") Long id,Throwable e){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception"+e.getMessage(),payment);
}
public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable("id") Long id, BlockException exception){
Payment payment =new Payment(id,null);
return new CommonResult(445,"blockHandler 限流,无此流水,blockexception"+exception.getMessage(),payment);
}
}
忽略 IllegalArgumentException的异常,重启进行测试:

此时已经不再执行fallback方法,而是直接Error page
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